Enhancing Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in the Social Work Licensing and Credentialing Process

Authors

  • Alicia Tetteh Norfolk State University
  • Kalisha Smith City University of New York

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18060/28625

Keywords:

social work licensure, equity and inclusion, ethics

Abstract

This paper examines the critical need for enhancing diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) within the social work licensing and credentialing process. Recent analyses have revealed significant disparities in pass rates for licensing exams among underrepresented groups, including African American, Latinx, and older social work candidates. These inequities raise ethical concerns and challenge the foundational values of the social work profession, which is rooted in principles of social justice and empowerment. By analyzing structural barriers and biases within the licensing process, this paper identifies key areas for reform, including the need for inclusive exam content, cultural competence training for test developers, and comprehensive support systems for non-traditional candidates. Furthermore, the paper explores how technology and artificial intelligence can play a transformative role in addressing DEI issues, such as bias detection, personalized learning experiences, and improved accessibility for diverse candidates. Ultimately, the paper argues that a commitment to DEI in the licensing process is not only a moral imperative but also essential for fostering a social work profession that truly reflects and serves the diverse communities it aims to support. By implementing targeted reforms and leveraging technological innovations, the profession can advance its ethical mission and promote equity in the path to licensure.

Author Biography

Alicia Tetteh, Norfolk State University

Dr. Alicia Tetteh, LCSW, RYT-200 identifies as a change agent, residing in Norfolk, VA. She attended Virginia Commonwealth University for her undergraduate degree and Howard University for her Master’s degree—both in Social Work. Dr. Tetteh’s research focus is anti-racist leadership practices and she defended this capstone at Simmons University for her Doctorate in Social Work last year. She owns a group mental health practice, Building Endurance PLLC where she provides outpatient therapy to children and adults; clinical supervision for provisionally licensed therapists and educational trainings for the community. In 2018, A Dr. Tetteh created the ATTUNE app in hopes of connecting more individuals to mental health services. In 2019 she published, Not Healed As F***, a journal created for those in the helping profession to practice reflection and self-care.

Dr. Tetteh is an Assistant Professor at Norfolk State and Adjunct Professor at Howard University, in the social work department. Some of her platforms include working with clinicians, financial literacy, healthy relationships, anti-racist practices and healing trauma as a collective. She is an EMDR consultant, certified in Brainspotting, and TF-CBT.

Dr. Tetteh walks firmly in her faith and believes sincerely in the power of change. Dr. Tetteh enjoys a good laugh with friends, anything outdoors, reading and family time with her daughter and twins. She is a member of Delta Sigma Theta Sorority Incorporated, the National Association of Black Social Workers and the National Association of Social Workers.

References

Apgar, D. (2022). Linking social work licensure examination pass rates to accreditation: The merits, challenges, and implications for social work education. Journal of Teaching in Social Work, 42(4), 335-353. https://doi.org/10.1080/08841233.2022.2112809

Apgar, D., & Luquet, W. (2022). Linking social work licensing exam content to educational competencies: Poor reliability challenges the path to licensure. Research on Social Work Practice, 33(1), 66-75. https://doi.org/10.1177/10497315221116123

Apgar, D., & Nienow, M. (2023). Becoming woke by the ASWB pass rates: A closer look at racial inequalities in social work. Journal of Evidence-Based Social Work, 21(2), 162-176. https://doi.org/10.1080/26408066.2023.2265911

Association of Social Work Boards [ASWB]. (2022). 2022 ASWB examination pass analysis: Final report. Author. https://www.aswb.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/2022-ASWB-Exam-Pass-Rate-Analysis.pdfht

ASWB. (2025). Nonstandard testing arrangements handbook. Author. https://www.aswb.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/ASWB-Nonstandard-Testing-Arrangements-Handbook.pdf

Beadlescomb, T. L. (2019). BSW students of color: Principle factors influencing intent to persist through completion of degree. Journal of Social Work Education, 55(2), 215-223. https://doi.org/10.1080/10437797.2018.1544522

Bloxom, Q., & Anderson, B. (2024). Deconstructing social work exam bias: advocacy practice guidelines to close the gap. Journal of Evidence-Based Social Work, 21(2), 236-264. https://doi.org/10.1080/26408066.2023.2278691

Caldwell, B. E. (2023). Mental health clinical exams’ evident adherence to industry standards for testing. Journal for Mental Health and Clinical Psychology, 7(3), 9-18. https://doi.org/10.29245/2578-2959/2023/3.1283

Castex, G., Senreich, E., Phillips, N. K., Miller, C. M., & Mazza, C. (2018). Microaggressions and racial privilege within the social work profession: The social work licensing examinations. Journal of Ethnic & Cultural Diversity in Social Work, 28(2), 211-228. https://doi.org/10.1080/15313204.2018.1555498

DeCarlo, M. P. (2021). Racial bias and ASWB exams: A failure of data equity. Research on Social Work Practice, 32(3), 255-258. https://doi.org/10.1177/10497315211055986

Henry-Noel, N., Bishop, M., Gwede, C. K., Petkova, E., & Szumacher, E. (2018). Mentorship in medicine and other health professions. Journal of Cancer Education, 34, 629-637. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-018-1360-6

Joseph, R. (2024). Ethical challenges in social work licensing examinations: A call for integrity and strategies for success. Social Work, 69(4), 395-402. https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/swae037

Kim, J. J. (2022). Racial disparities in social workers’ licensing rates. Research on Social Work Practice, 32(4), 374-387. https://doi.org/10.1177/10497315211066907

Lovett, B. J. (2021). Educational accommodations for students with disabilities: Two equity-related concerns. Frontiers in Education, 6, 1-5. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2021.795266

Miller, J. J., Grise-Owens, E., & Escobar-Ratliff, L. (2015). Preparing MSW students for social work licensure: A curricular case example. Journal of Teaching in Social Work, 35(3), 296-316. https://doi.org/10.1080/08841233.2015.1039160

Mueller, L. (2023). AT, ChatGPT, and licensing exams. Federation of State Boards of Physical Therapy. https://www.fsbpt.org/Free-Resources/FSBPT-Forum/Forum-2023/AI-ChatGPT-and-Licensing-Exams

Muirhead, L., Cimiotti, J. P., Hayes, R., Haynes-Ferere, A., Martyn, K., Owen, M., & McCauley, L. (2022). Diversity in nursing challenges with the NCLEX-RN. Nursing Outlook, 70(5), 762-771. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.outlook.2022.06.003

National Association of Social Workers. (2021). Code of ethics of the NASW. Author. https://www.socialworkers.org/About/Ethics/Code-of-Ethics/Code-of-Ethics-English

Nienow, M., Sogabe, E., & Husain, A. (2022). Racial disparity in social work licensure exam pass rates. Research on Social Work Practice, 33(1), 76-83. https://doi.org/10.1177/10497315221125885

Obasi, C. (2021). Black social workers: Identity, racism, invisibility/hypervisibility at work. Journal of Social Work, 22(2), 479-497. https://doi.org/10.1177/14680173211008110

Quzack, L. E., Picard, G., Metz, S. M., & Chiarelli-Helminiak, C. M. (2021). A social work education grounded in human rights. Journal of Human Rights and Social Work, 6(1), 32-40. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41134-020-00159-5

Rashrash, M., Faruk Khan, M. O., & Sawesi, S. (2024). Impact of curricular and institutional factors on Pharm.D. students’ NAPLEX success: A comprehensive analysis of US pharmacy programmes. Pharmacy Education 24(1), 22-28. https://doi.org/10.46542/pe.2024.241.2228

Reamer, F. G. (2023). Artificial intelligence in social work: Emerging ethical issues. International Journal of Social Work Values and Ethics, 20(2), 52-71. https://doi.org/10.55521/10-020-205

Spadafora, N., Murphy, E. L., Molnar, D. S., & Zinga, D. (2020). Test anxiety in potential first-generation students: A longitudinal examination of the role of psychological needs. Journal of Teaching and Learning, 14(2), 33-49. https://doi.org/10.22329/jtl.v14i2.6202

Wasserberg, N. M. J. (2017). High-achieving African American elementary students’ perspectives on standardized testing and stereotypes. The Journal of Negro Education, 86(1), 40-51. https://doi.org/10.7709/jnegroeducation.86.1.0040

Wilfong, J. (2024). Low pay for social workers is a human rights violation, and social work professors must help to change it. Journal of Human Rights and Social Work. 9, 10-14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41134-023-00285-w

Downloads

Published

2025-11-05